2019年10月27日，包括五名诺贝尔经济学奖获得者在内的中美37位著名学者在上海共同发布“中美经贸关系联合倡议”。在该倡议的并发意见中，清华大学五道口金融学院紫光讲席教授、长江学者、清华大学国家金融研究院国际金融与经济研究中心主任鞠建东提出中美经贸关系的“竞争共存”四项原则。
“中美经贸关系联合倡议”由十位中美学者组成的“中美经贸政策工作小组”起草，其中四位中方学者是北京大学新结构经济学研究院院长、博雅讲席教授、世界银行前首席经济学家林毅夫，北京大学国家发展研究院院长、博雅特聘教授、长江学者姚洋，北京大学国家发展研究院金光讲席教授卢锋，清华大学五道口金融学院紫光讲席教授、长江学者、清华大学国家金融研究院国际金融与经济研究中心主任鞠建东，六位美方学者是哈佛大学亚当斯大学教授、诺贝尔经济学奖获得者埃里克·马斯金，哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院国际政治经济学讲席教授丹尼·罗德里克，上海纽约大学建校美方校长、法学教授杰弗瑞·雷蒙，达特茅斯学院拉斯家族人文和科学讲席教授罗伯特·斯德格尔，纽约大学法学院尼尔森国际法讲席教授罗伯特·豪斯，剑桥大学国际经济学教授莫瑞迪斯·克劳利。包括四位诺贝尔经济学奖获得者纽约大学迈克尔·阿米力诺金融学讲席教授罗伯特·恩格尔、哥伦比亚大学资本主义与社会研究中心主任埃德蒙德·菲尔普斯教授、纽约大学威廉·伯克利经济学和商学讲席教授迈克尔·斯宾塞、哥伦比亚大学教授约瑟夫·斯蒂格列茨在内的27名中外学者联合签署。
联合倡议认为中美经贸关系已经到了令人担忧的拐点，旨在为两国经贸磋商提出一个新的思想性框架，实现互利共赢。联合倡议认为，当前的中美经贸谈判被限定在了一个非此即彼的思维框架里：或者（1）两国的经济深度融合，双方采用共同的市场经济原则来制定本国的经济政策；或者（2）实质性“脱钩”，急剧减少两国之间的经贸联系。联合倡议在“深度融合”和“脱钩”之间，提出了一个可行的第三条道路，勾画出了一幅中美两国“经济和平共处、持续增长”的图景。其中，两国充分保留各自的政策空间——中国可以继续实施产业和发展政策；美国可以继续保护其劳动市场和科技体系。学者们相信，这是一个在政治上最可持续、同时又能最大程度维护国际贸易给双方带来巨大利益的方案。
联合倡议在政策层面上提出“四个篮子”框架，将政策分为“禁止篮”，即禁止以邻为壑的政策；“双边谈判与协调篮”，即当甲方的政策给乙方造成损失，但并不具有以邻为壑的特征时，两国可以通过谈判取消这些政策；“国内调整篮”，即当谈判取消甲方政策不成功时，甲方保留该政策，同时允许乙方调整国内政策来减轻对对方的负面影响；“多边治理篮”，即当甲方的政策不仅影响到乙方，还会造成对第三国连带损害时，则启动国际规则和多边机制来控制局面。
在联合倡议的基础上，十位学者中的六位（包括三位中方学者：林毅夫教授、鞠建东教授、卢锋教授）同时发布了并发意见。
鞠建东在并发意见之中提出了关于中美经贸关系的“竞争共存”四项原则。他认为，中美关系的核心问题是世界秩序如何演变的问题。当前的全球治理体系由美国主导，随着中国的持续发展，美国对世界秩序的主导作用势必发生改变。未来世界秩序是由一个超级大国主导的“霸权稳定”，还是由若干大国引领全世界展开良性竞争的“竞争共存”？如果我们继续停留在“霸权稳定”的思维方式里，那中美两国势必将对方视为敌人。但如果我们相信未来的世界由“竞争共存”所刻画，那中美两国可以成为构建未来世界秩序的合作伙伴。
鞠建东认为，中美两国关系是结构性的，既有互利、互惠的部分，也有竞争、对抗的部分。与此同时，世界经济已经开始呈现出亚洲、北美、欧盟三足鼎立的结构。中美两国GDP加在一起占世界GDP的40%。中美关系是对抗还是合作，很大程度取决于占世界GDP60%的其它国家和地区是在中美之间选边，还是保持相对的独立性。
鞠建东认为，中美关系的结构性特征和世界经济的结构性特征决定了“竞争共存”的世界秩序是现实的，并以此为基础将两国政策分为四类，相应的对四类政策提出了四项原则。第一类：互惠政策。两国在各自具有比较优势的领域，不断加强、拓展互惠的国际贸易。第二类：竞争政策。两国在全球市场相互竞争领域的原则是，帮助生产更好产品的政策都应该被允许，意在损坏对方产品的政策都应该被禁止。第三类：双边对抗政策。在双边对抗领域的政策原则是对等。第四类：多边对抗政策。此领域的原则应该是全面禁止。两国都不应该将双边对抗扩散到其它国家和地区，任何一方都不应该胁迫第三方一起对抗另外一方。
鞠建东认为，拓展互惠政策的空间，限制多边对抗是形成“竞争共存”的世界秩序的关键所在。中美两国应该共同努力，把对抗限制在双边范围之内，而不殃及其它国家和地区。而两国关系与世界经济的双重结构性特征，也使得两国都有必要走向“竞争共存”的世界秩序。一个坚持“霸权稳定”的国家，只会孤立自己，搞乱世界。
Ju Proposes 4 Principles of "Competitive Coexistence"
The joint statement of "US-China Economic Relations" was prepared by the China-US Trade Policy Working Group, which consists of Professor Justin Yifu LIN from Peking University, Professor Yang YAO from Peking University, Professor Feng Lu from Peking University, Professor Jiandong Ju from Tsinghua University, Professor Eric Maskin, Nobel laureates in economics, from Harvard University, Professor Dani Rodrik from Harvard University, Professor Jeffrey S. Lehman from NYU Shanghai, Professor Robert W. Staiger from Dartmouth College, Professor Robert Howse from NYU, and Reader Meredith A. Crowley from University of Cambridge. The joint statement is co-signed by 27 scholars from China and the United States including 4 Nobel laureates in economics.
The joint statement states that the US-China economic relations have reached a very concerning turn, and aims to offer an alternative intellectual framework on the basis of mutual benefit. The Statement believes that US-China negotiations have been grounded in an intellectual framework that presumes the only feasible possibilities going forward are (a) deep economic integration of two economies, and (b) substantial "decoupling" between two economies.
In addition, the Statement provides a third option which preserves policy space for both countries – for China to conduct its industrial and growth policies and for the US to safeguard its labor markets and technological systems, in order to achieve "peaceful economic co-existence and sustained growth" between China and the United States. Thus, the Statement has outlined the "Four Buckets" Framework, namely, the "Prohibited" Bucket, the "Bilateral Discussions and Adjustments" Bucket, the "Domestic Adjustments" Bucket, and the "Multilateral Governance" Bucket. Scholars also issued concurring statements on the basis of the joint statement.
In the concurring statement, Professor Jiandong Ju argued that the key issue of U.S-China relations is related to the evolving structure of the world order and proposed four principles of "Competitive Coexistence" on US-China economic relations. He also argued that US-China relations are structural, with mutual beneficial areas, competition areas and confrontation areas. Meanwhile, the world economy has begun to show the tri-polar structure of Asia, North America and the European Union. Jiandong Ju believes that the structural characteristics of US-China relations and the world economy makes that "Competitive Coexistence" world order is practical. He categorizes the policies into four categories, which are mutually beneficial policies, competing policies that are designed to help produce better products, bilateral confrontation policies and multilateral confrontation policies that should be prohibited. The United States and China should reinforce mutually beneficial policies, and their bilateral confrontations would not expand to the rest of the world. Neither country would force a third country to stand in its line against its competitor. While, the one that insists on the "hegemony world order" will eventually isolate itself and cause chaos in the world.
中美经贸政策工作小组成员及诺奖得主联合倡议签署人中英文简介
杰弗瑞·雷蒙 （Jeffrey S. Lehman）
上海纽约大学建校美方校长、法学教授
杰弗瑞·雷蒙，上海纽约大学建校美方校长。曾任康奈尔大学校长、北京大学国际法学院创始院长、密歇根大学法学院院长，以及法律与公共政策终身教授、华盛顿特区律所律师、美国最高法院大法官John Paul Stevens法律秘书。目前担任美国法学院院长协会主席、Internet2非营利性先进网络技术联盟董事会主席，以及“中美法律专家对话”的美方代表团成员。曾获得美国全国有色人种协进会（NAACP）“法律辩护和教育基金会”的国家平等正义奖，以及中国政府对来华工作并做出突出贡献的外国专家所颁发的最高奖项——“友谊奖”。2018年，获选为40位“中国改革开放40周年最具影响力的外国专家”之一。
Jeffrey S. Lehman
Inaugural Vice Chancellor and Professor of Law
NYU Shanghai
Jeffrey S. Lehman is founding vice chancellor of NYU Shanghai. He was previously president of Cornell University, founding dean of the Peking University School of Transnational Law, dean of the University of Michigan Law School, a tenured professor of law and public policy, a practicing lawyer in Washington, D.C., and law clerk to Supreme Court Justice John Paul Stevens. He has been president of the American Law Deans Association, board chair of Internet2, and a member of the U.S. delegation to the China-US Legal Experts Dialogue. His awards include the NAACP Legal Defense Fund’s National Equal Justice Award and China’s Friendship Award. In 2018 he was named one of the 40 most influential foreign experts during China’s 40 years of reform and opening up.
丹尼·罗德里克 （Dani Rodrik）
哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院国际政治经济学讲席教授
丹尼·罗德里克，哈佛大学肯尼迪政府学院国际政治经济学讲席教授、国际经济协会当选主席，以及“包容性繁荣的经济学（EfIP）倡议”联合主任。曾获得社会科学研究委员会（SSRC）首届Albert O. Hirschman奖，以及旨在奖励推动经济思想前沿发展的列昂惕夫奖。他在经济发展、国际经济学和政治经济学等领域出版了诸多著作，拥有普林斯顿大学经济学博士学位以及公共管理硕士学位。目前的研究重点是发展中经济体和发达经济体的就业和经济增长，最新著作为Straight Talk on Trade: Ideas for a Sane World Economy（2017年）。
Dani Rodrik
Ford Foundation Professor of International Political Economy
Harvard University
Dani Rodrik is Ford Foundation Professor of International Political Economy at the Harvard Kennedy School, President-Elect of the International Economic Association, and co-director of the Economics for Inclusive Prosperity (EfIP) network. He is the recipient of the Social Sciences Research Council’s inaugural Albert O. Hirschman Prize and of the Leontief Prize for Advancing the Frontiers of Economic Thought. Professor Rodrik has published widely in the areas of economic development, international economics, and political economy. He received his PhD in Economics and his MPA from Princeton University. His current research focuses on employment and economic growth, in both developing and advanced economies. His most recent book is Straight Talk on Trade: Ideas for a Sane World Economy (2017).
姚洋
北京大学国家发展研究院院长、博雅特聘教授、长江学者
姚洋，北京大学国家发展研究院院长、中国经济研究中心教授和主任、博雅特聘教授、长江学者。他也是“中国经济50人论坛”成员。其研究领域包括中国经济转型与发展，在国内外期刊发表学术论文逾百篇，并出版了关于中国制度经济学和经济发展的多部著作。1986年毕业于北京大学地理系本科，1989年毕业于北京大学管理科学中心，获经济学硕士学位，1996年毕业于美国威斯康星大学农业与应用经济学系，获发展经济学博士学位。
Yang YAO
Cheung-Kong Scholar and Boya Chair Professor and Dean
National School of Development at Peking University
Yang Yao is a Changjiang Scholar and Boya Chair Professor of Economics at the China Center for Economic Research (CCER) and the National School of Development (NSD) at Peking University. He is a member of China Economist 50 Forum. Dr. Yao’s research interests include economic transition and development in China, and has published more than a hundred research papers in international and domestic journals, as well as several books on institutional economics and economic development in China. Dr. Yao obtained a BS in geography in 1986 and an MS in economics in 1989, both from Peking University, and his PhD in development economics from the Department of Agricultural and Applied Economics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison in 1996.
莫瑞迪斯·克劳利（Meredith A. Crowley）
剑桥大学国际经济学教授
莫瑞迪斯·克劳利，剑桥大学国际经济学教授、圣约翰学院研究员，以及剑桥大学-新经济思维研究所研究协调员。她也是“变动欧洲下的英国”（UKCE）智库高级研究员、英国经济政策研究中心（CEPR）研究员，以及英国国际贸易部两个顾问委员会的成员。其研究重点是国际贸易、多边贸易协定以及贸易政策。拥有哈佛大学公共政策硕士学位，以及威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校经济学博士学位。其学术论文包括与Chad Bown共同撰写的Self-Enforcing Trade Agreements（《美国经济评论》，第103卷第2期，2013），并编著有Trade War: The Clash of Economic Systems Endangering Global Prosperity（2019）。
Meredith A. Crowley
Reader in International Economics
University of Cambridge
Meredith A. Crowley is a Reader in International Economics and Fellow of St. John’s College at the University of Cambridge, as well as Research Coordinator at Cambridge-INET Institute. She is a Senior Fellow of the think tank UK in a Changing Europe (UKCE), a Research Fellow at the Centre for Economic Policy Research (CEPR - London), and a member of two advisory panels at the UK Department for International Trade. Her research focuses on international trade, multinational trade agreements, and trade policy. Dr. Crowley received her MPP from Harvard University and her PhD in Economics from the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Her publications include “Self-Enforcing Trade Agreements,” (American Economic Review, 103(2), 2013), with Chad Bown, and the edited volume, Trade War: The Clash of Economic Systems Endangering Global Prosperity (2019).
罗伯特·豪斯（Robert L. Howse）
纽约大学法学院尼尔森国际法讲席教授
罗伯特·豪斯，纽约大学法学院尼尔森国际法讲席教授，“纽约市国际经济法工作组”联合创始人及联合召集人。他的教学和研究重点关注法律与政治哲学，以及通过国际经济法理解贸易、投资和金融治理。他与Ruti Teitel共同发表的论文Beyond compliance: Rethinking why International law really matters（《全球政策》第1卷第2期，2010年）荣获“2010年全球政策最佳论文奖”（与Joseph Stiglitz等人共同获得）。 拥有哈佛法学院法学硕士学位。他与Antonia Eliason共同撰写的国际贸易法专著《国际贸易规则》第五版将于2020年出版。
Robert L. Howse
Lloyd C. Nelson Professor of International Law
NYU Law School
Robert Howse is Lloyd C. Nelson Professor of International Law at NYU School of Law and co-founder and co-convener of the New York City Area Working Group on International Economic Law. His teaching and research focus on legal and political philosophy, as well as the governance of trade, investment, and finance through international economic law. His article with Ruti Teitel, "Beyond compliance: Rethinking why International law really matters" (Global Policy v.1(2), 2010) was awarded the Global Policy Best Article Prize 2010 (shared with Joseph Stiglitz et al). Professor Howse received his LL.M. from Harvard Law School. The fifth edition of his treatise on international trade law, The Regulation of International Trade, co-authored with Antonia Eliason, will be published in 2020.
鞠建东
清华大学五道口金融学院紫光金融学讲席教授
鞠建东，宾夕法尼亚州立大学经济学博士，是清华大学五道口金融学院紫光金融学讲席教授、国际金融与经济研究中心主任、教育部长江学者特聘教授。2014-2017年担任上海财经大学国际工商管理学院院长。2007-2009年任国际货币基金组织常驻学者、世界银行咨询顾问。他的文章发表在《美国经济评论》等国际一流杂志，其最新学术论文包括与杜映昕、Carlos D. Ramirez和姚曦发表于《国际经济学杂志》的“Bilateral trade and shocks in political relations: Evidence from China and some of its major trading partners, 1990-2013”（第108卷，2017年）。
Jiandong JU
Ziguang Chair Professor
PBC School of Finance at Tsinghua University
Jiandong Ju is Unigroup Chair Professor of Finance and Director of the Center for International Finance and Economics at the PBC School of Finance at Tsinghua University. He has been named a Changjiang Scholar by the Chinese Ministry of Education and previously served as Dean of the International School of Business Administration at Shanghai University of Finance and Economics. He has also served as a resident scholar at the International Monetary Fund and consulted for the World Bank and other global policy organizations. Professor Ju received his PhD in Economics from Penn State University. He has published in American Economic Review and other leading economics journals. His most recent publications include“Bilateral trade and shocks in political relations: Evidence from China and some of its major trading partners, 1990-2013” (Journal of International Economics v.108, 2017), co-authored with Yingxin Du, Carlos D. Ramirez, and Xi Yao.
卢锋
北京大学国家发展研究院金光讲席教授
卢锋，北京大学国家发展研究院教授，曾任国发院副院长。获英国利兹大学经济学博士、中国人民大学经济学硕士和法学学士。对人民币汇率、国际收支平衡、农民工与就业、粮食安全等问题进行过系统研究，在中英文期刊上发表了50多篇学术论文，并出版了多部学术著作。目前担任财政部、人社部专家和“东盟-中日韩宏观经济办公室（AMRO）”顾问小组成员。曾被评为北京大学“十佳教师”。
Feng LU
Jinguang Chair Professor
National School of Development at Peking University
Feng Lu is a professor of economics at the National School of Development (NSD) at Peking University. His research centers on issues related to China’s open macroeconomy, including exchange rates, external imbalance, capital returns, food security, and agricultural development. He has published over fifty academic papers in Chinese and English journals, as well as several books and magazine articles in these areas. Dr. Lu has worked for China’s Ministry of Finance as a coordinator of their G20 research group for the last decade. He is a member of the Experts Committee for the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of China and a member of the Advisory Panel for the ASEAN+3 Macroeconomic Research Office (AMRO).
林毅夫
北京大学新结构经济学研究院院长、博雅讲席教授 、世界银行前首席经济学家
林毅夫，北京大学新结构经济学研究院院长、教授，北京大学南南合作与发展学院院长，北京大学国家发展研究院名誉院长。1994年创立北京大学中国经济研究中心（现北京大学国家发展研究院），并担任主任一职。2008年被任命为世界银行首席经济学家兼负责发展经济学的高级副行长。2012年在世界银行任期届满，返回北大，继续教学研究工作。现任全国政协常委、经济委员会副主任，国务院参事室参事。膺选为发展中国家科学院（原第三世界科学院）院士及英国科学院外籍院士。主要著作包括《战胜命运》《超越发展援助》等20余册。
Justin Yifu LIN
Dean
Institute of New Structural Economics at Peking University
Former Chief Economist of the World Bank
Justin Yifu Lin is Dean of the Institute of New Structural Economics, Dean of the Institute of South-South Cooperation and Development, and Professor and Honorary Dean of the National School of Development at Peking University. From 2008 to 2012, he was the Senior Vice President and Chief Economist of the World Bank. Prior to this, Dr. Lin served as the Founding Director and Professor of the China Centre for Economic Research (CCER) at Peking University. He is a Councilor of the State Council and a member of the Standing Committee of the CPPCC. He has authored over 20 books, including Beating the Odds: Jump-starting Developing Countries (2017) and Going Beyond Aid: Development Cooperation for Structural Transformation (2016). He is a Corresponding Fellow of the British Academy and a Fellow of the Academy of Sciences for the Developing World.
埃里克·马斯金（Eric Maskin）
哈佛大学亚当斯大学教授、诺贝尔经济学奖获得者
埃里克·马斯金，哈佛大学亚当斯大学教授、经济学和数学教授。他在博弈论、契约论、社会选择论、政治经济学等多个经济学领域做出卓越贡献，拥有哈佛大学学士和博士学位，曾任剑桥大学耶稣学院博士后研究员。他曾于1977年至1984年执教于麻省理工学院，1985年至2000年执教于哈佛大学，2000年至2011年执教于普林斯顿高等研究院，并于2012年重返哈佛大学。2007年，马斯金教授因与L. Hurwicz和 R. Myerson在机制设计理论方面的贡献，共同获得诺贝尔经济学奖。
Eric Maskin
Adams University Professor
Harvard University
Recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
Eric Maskin is the Adams University Professor and Professor of Economics and Mathematics at Harvard University. He has made contributions to game theory, contract theory, social choice theory, political economy, and other areas of economics. He received his A.B. and Ph.D from Harvard and was a postdoctoral fellow at Jesus College, Cambridge University. He was a faculty member at MIT from 1977 to 1984, Harvard from 1985 to 2000, and the Institute for Advanced Study from 2000 to 2011. He rejoined the Harvard faculty in 2012. In 2007, he was awarded the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics (with L. Hurwicz and R. Myerson) for laying the foundations of mechanism design theory.
罗伯特·斯德格尔（Robert W. Staiger）
达特茅斯学院拉斯家族人文和科学讲席教授
罗伯特·斯德格尔，达特茅斯学院拉斯家族人文和科学讲席教授、经济学教授，并在美国国家经济研究局担任研究员。其研究重点是国际贸易政策规则与制度，尤为关注关贸总协定（GATT）和世界贸易组织（WTO）所涉及的经济学。其研究成果见诸于多家学术期刊，以及与Kyle Bagwell共同撰写的《世界贸易体系经济学》（麻省理工学院出版社，2002年）一书中。1980年，他获得威廉姆斯学院的学士学位，并于1985年获得密歇根大学的博士学位。2014年加入达特茅斯学院前，曾执教于斯坦福大学和威斯康星大学。
Robert W. Staiger
Roth Family Distinguished Professor in the Arts and Sciences, and Professor of Economics
Dartmouth College
Robert W. Staiger is the Roth Family Distinguished Professor in the Arts and Sciences and Professor of Economics at Dartmouth College. He is also a Research Associate at the National Bureau of Economic Research. Staiger’s research focuses on international trade policy rules and institutions, with particular emphasis on the economics of the GATT/WTO. His research has been published in numerous academic journals, and in a book, The Economics of the World Trading System, co-authored with Kyle Bagwell and published by The MIT Press (2002). Staiger received his A.B. from Williams College in 1980 and his Ph.D. from Michigan in 1985. Prior to joining Dartmouth in 2014, he was a faculty member at Stanford University and the University of Wisconsin.
罗伯特·恩格尔（Robert Engle）
纽约大学迈克尔·阿米力诺金融学讲席教授，诺贝尔经济学奖获得者
罗伯特·恩格尔，纽约大学迈克尔·阿米力诺金融学讲席教授，纽约大学斯特恩商学院波动研究所所长，SoFiE金融计量学会联合创始人。恩格尔教授创立的ARCH模型在经济、财务、统计等跨学科应用中做出了巨大贡献，在2003年与克莱夫·格兰杰共同获得诺贝尔经济学奖。1969年，他获得了康奈尔大学经济学博士学位。在2000年加入纽约大学斯特恩商学院之前，恩格尔教授曾担任加州大学圣地亚哥分校的经济学系主任，并曾在麻省理工学院任教。
Robert Engle
Michael Armellino Professor of Finance
New York University Stern School of Business
Recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
Robert Engle, the Michael Armellino Professor of Finance at New York University Stern School of Business, was awarded the 2003 Nobel Prize in Economics (with Clive W. J. Granger) for his research on the concept of autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH). He is currently the Director of the NYU Stern Volatility Institute and is the Co-Founding President of the Society for Financial Econometrics (SoFiE). In 1969, he received his Ph.D in economics from Cornell University. Before joining NYU Stern in 2000, Professor Engle was Chancellor's Associates Professor and Economics Department Chair at the University of California, San Diego, and Associate Professor of Economics at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
埃德蒙德·菲尔普斯（Edmund Phelps）
哥伦比亚大学资本主义与社会研究中心主任、诺贝尔经济学奖获得者
埃德蒙德·菲尔普斯，美国哥伦比亚大学资本主义与社会研究中心主任，2006年诺贝尔经济学奖获得者。1959年获得耶鲁大学经济学博士学位。菲尔普斯曾经执教于耶鲁大学和宾西法尼亚大学，1971年起任美国哥伦比亚大学经济学教授。费尔普斯的研究工作将“我们所了解的人”放回到经济模型中，努力找出信息不完整的原因并研究市场期待对经济活动的影响。他将这种观点应用于失业，经济增长，商业波动与活力等相关问题的研究。
Edmund Phelps
Director of the Center on Capitalism and Society
Columbia University
Recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
Edmund Phelps, the winner of the 2006 Nobel Prize in Economics, is Director of the Center on Capitalism and Society at Columbia University. He got his Ph.D. at Yale (1959). From 1960-1966 he held appointments at Yale and its Cowles Foundation, then a professorship at Penn. In 1971 he joined Columbia. Phelps's work can be seen as a program to put "people as we know them" back into economic models - accounting for the incompleteness of their information and studying the effects of their expectations on the market. He applies this perspective in studying unemployment and inclusion, economic growth, business swings and dynamism.
迈克尔·斯宾塞（Michael Spence）
纽约大学威廉·伯克利经济学和商学讲席教授、诺贝尔经济学奖获得者
迈克尔·斯宾塞，纽约大学威廉·伯克利经济学和商学讲席教授，2001年与乔治·阿克尔洛夫、约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨共同获得诺贝尔经济学奖以表彰他在不对称信息市场分析方面所做出的开创性研究。斯宾塞教授于1966年从普林斯顿大学取得学士学位，并于1972年获得哈佛大学经济学博士学位。他曾在哈佛大学和斯坦福大学任教，于1990至1999年担任斯坦福大学商学院研究生院院长。2010年，斯宾塞教授加入纽约大学斯特恩商学院。
Michael Spence
William R. Berkley Professor in Economics & Business
New York University Stern School of Business
Recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
Michael Spence, William R. Berkley Professor in Economics & Business in New York University’s Leonard N. Stern School of Business. Along with George A. Akerlof and Joseph E. Stiglitz, received the 2001 Nobel Prize “for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information.” Spence earned his B.A. in philosophy from Princeton University and his Ph.D. from Harvard in 1972. He taught at Harvard and at Stanford University, serving as dean of the latter’s business school from 1990 to 1999. In 2010 he became a professor at New York University’s Leonard N. Stern School of Business.
约瑟夫·斯蒂格列茨（Joseph Stiglitz）
哥伦比亚大学大学教授、诺贝尔经济学奖获得者
约瑟夫·斯蒂格利茨，哥伦比亚大学大学教授。他与迈克尔·斯宾塞、乔治·阿克尔洛夫由于在“对充满不对称信息市场进行分析”领域所作出的重要贡献，而分享2001年诺贝尔经济学奖。他1995年至1997年担任总统经济顾问委员会主席，1997年至2000年担任世界银行副总裁和首席经济学家。斯蒂格利茨教授曾是剑桥大学的富布奈特学者，曾在牛津大学、麻省理工学院、耶鲁大学、斯坦福大学、和普林斯顿大学任教。自2000年至今，斯蒂格利茨执教于哥伦比亚大学。他也是经济合作与发展组织经济表现度量和社会发展高级专家组的联席主席，以及罗斯福研究所的首席经济学家。
Joseph Stiglitz
University Professor
Columbia University
Recipient of the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
Joseph Stiglitz, University Professor at Columbia University, was awarded the 2001 Nobel Memorial Prize in Economics with George A. Akerlof and Michael Spence for their analyses of markets with asymmetric information. He was chairman of the U.S. Council of Economic Advisors for 1995-1997 and chief economist and senior vice president of the World Bank for 1997-2000. He was a Fulbright Scholar at Cambridge University, held the Drummond Professorship at All Souls College Oxford, and has also taught at M.I.T, Yale, Stanford, and Princeton. 2000, Stiglitz joined Columbia University. He is a co-chair of the High-Level Expert Group on the Measurement of Economic Performance and Social Progress, OECD and Chief Economist of The Roosevelt Institute.
